Genetic map or genomic of fossils reported from Denisova cave in the Altai Mountains, Siberia, estimated more than 50,000 years old. The cave is home at separate times for the Neanderthals and called Denisovan, two early human family who are now extinct.
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| The genome sequence came from a toe bone found in Denisova Cave, Siberia. (Picture from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/) |
Adding to the evidence of the human family line, the new Neanderthal genome studies released in the Nature journal also shows that other ancient human species, as yet unknown, genes shared with others. The study authors argue that it is Homo erectus, one of the earliest human species that first appeared about 1.8 million years ago.
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| The Neanderthal toe bone dates from roughly 50,000 years ago and yielded a high-quality DNA sequence. (Picture from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/) |
The report, that written by a team of scientists led by Kay Prüfer of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, based on the results of genetic prehistory against the theory that modern humans emerged completely from one migration "out of Africa" is more than 60,000 years ago, which spread all over the world without mating with another man.
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| At least three distinct human groups used Denisova cave at one time or another, excavations show. (Picture from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/) |
People who are not from Africa had a 1.5 percent to 2.1 percent Neanderthal genes, according to research, with a higher proportion among Asians and Native Americans. Similarly, 5 percent of the genomes of the descendants of Australia and Papua New Guinea Denisovan looks like, as well as genes Asians 0.2 percent.
The findings showed that the Neanderthal and Denisovan secede from previous human species about 600,000 years ago. Meanwhile, the Neanderthal and Denisovan may split 400,000 years ago.
The accuracy of the actual Neanderthal genome allowed the researchers to suggest that Neanderthals were discovered in Denisova Cave is less closely related to modern man than Neanderthals found at a site in the Caucasus.
Only 96 genes were tasked to make a protein in the cell to be the difference between modern humans and Neanderthals. Interestingly, some of the differences in gene involves an immune response and the development of brain cells in humans. In this study, the authors reported no evidence that in-depth comparison of the genome of new Neanderthal and Denisovan. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | BBC | LIVESCIENCE]
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