Top 10 new species of 2013

(Back to 2012.) In commemorating the anniversary of Carolus Linnaeus, the International Institute for Species Exploration at Arizona State University in the United States choose the top 10 new species, that named in 2012. Linnaeus was a botanist 18th century which has created the modern system of naming and classifying species.

The Judging committee said the process of identifying species of wildlife and flora is very important because many of them are now endangered status. "For decades, we have found 18 thousand species per year," said Quentin Wheeler, founder of the International Institute for Species Exploration at ASU. "Now, after knowing that millions of species might not survive the 21st century, it's time to speed up the identification process. We tried to find the 10 million species in the next 50 years."

Top 10 New Species announcement was only a day before the celebration of World Biodiversity Day, on May 22, 2013. The panel chose the top 10 new species of 140 nominations.

1. LILLIPUTIAN VIOLET (VIOLA LILLIPUTANA)

Lilliputian violets is not only the smallest among other viotet in the world, but also the smallest terrestrial dicotyledonous plants. This plant is found only in the Intermontane plateau in the Andes, Peru. Viola lilliputana puna grass grows in a dry area.

Specimens were first collected in the 1960s, but recently described as a new species in 2012. Parts of the plant are visible at ground level only 1 sentitneter. Because it is so small, violet is named like a mini human race living on the island of Lilliput in the story Gulliver's Travels, written by Jonathan Swift.

2. LYRE SPONGE (CHONDROCLADIA LYRA)

Large carnivorous sponge shaped harp or lyre was found in waters within 3,399 meters, from the east to the Pacific ocean off the coast of California.

Number of harp-shaped structure began two to six pieces, and each has more than 10 branches vertically parallel, sometimes covered peak enlarged terminal balls like a balloon. This odd shape maximizes the surface area of ​​sponge to make contact and catch plankton prey.

3. LESULA MONKEY (CERCOPITHECUS LOMAMIENSIS)

Old World monkeys are found in Lomami Basin in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Although local residents have long known the monkey, Lesula is a species new to science. This is the second species of monkey found in Africa in the last 28 years.

Scientists first saw this monkey in 2007. They describe this as a monkey shy animals that have eyes like humans. These primates are so shy that they are more often heard than seen. Male monkeys have blue patches of bald skin on the anus and testicles. Although the forest where the monkeys live remote location, the species was hunted for food and threatened status.

4. ANTI-MINING SNAKE (SIBON NOALAMINA)

The snail-eating snake found in the rainforest plateau to the west of Panama. This nocturnal snakes prey on soft-bodied animals such as earthworms and amphibians eggs, in addition to prey on snails.

This species is found in the mountains of Serrania de Tabasara, which is now the location of the iron ore mining. Mining was damaging and destroying the serpent habitat that scientists gave the name of the snake Sibon noalamina. Taken from the Spanish word, "no a la mina" meaning "Not for mine."

5. A SMUDGE ON THE PALEOLITHIC ART (OCHROCONIS ANOMALA)

This fungus was first detected in 2001, when a black stain appeared on the walls of Lascaux Cave in France. In 2007, the stain is expanding and troubling to the conservation of two relic from the Upper Paleolithic.

A few months before this black fungus appears, the scientists succeeded in eradicating the plague of the white fungus Fusarium solani from the site. The black fungus genus includes soil fungi that play a role in the decomposition of plant material.

6. THE WORLD'S SMALLEST VERTEBRATE (PAEDOPHRYNE AMANUENSIS)

This new of frog species is the smallest vertebrate that has a size of only 7 millimeters. Frog recently discovered near the village of Amau in Papua New Guinea.

The discovery of this frog captured the world's smallest vertebrate previous record, cyprinid fish from Southeast Asia who held the record since 2006. This frog living under moist litter in a tropical rain forest.

7. ENDANGERED FOREST (EUGENIA PETRIKENSIS)

Eugenia is a genus of evergreen trees and shrubs in the family Myrtaceae widespread in South America, New Caledonia and Madagascar.

While the new species E. petrikensis is a shrub that grows up to 2 meters with a slightly glossy green leaves and have magenta color flowers. Once forming a continuous band 1,600 kilometers long, the littoral forest has been reduced to isolated, vestigial fragments under pressure from human populations.

8. SHINING ROACHES (LUCIHORMETICA LUCKAE)

Luminescence or shimmer in the dark capabilities previously considered rare in terrestrial animals, and only found in fireflies or some kind of beetle.

L. luckae this new species may be endangered or even extinct. The roaches came from specimens collected 70 years ago from an area that affected by the eruption of Tungurahua volcano in Ecuador. The species may be most remarkable because the size and placement of its lamps suggest that it is using light to mimic toxic luminescent click beetles.

9. NO SOCIAL BUTTERFLY (SEMACHRYSA JADE)

The photo of green winged butterfly with black spots at the base is uploaded by Hock Ping Guek the Flickr site. Shaun Wintertori, an entomologist at the California Department of Food and Agriculture, recognizing the species as a new species.

When Guek can take specimens of the moth, he sent it to Stephen Brooks at the Natural History Museum in London, which confirmed the status of the butterfly as a new species. The three were joined and prepare descriptions of the butterfly using Google Docs. In this triumph for citizen science, talents from around the globe collaborated by using new media in making the discovery. The lacewing is not named for its color — rather for Winterton's daughter, Jade.

10. HANGING AROUND IN THE JURASSIC (JURACIMBROPHLEBIA GINKGOFOLIA)

These insects are usually found under the leaves depends on where they prey on other insects. This new fossil species, Juracimbrophlebia ginkgofolia, found with similar leaves of ginkgo (Yimaia capituliformis) from the Middle Jurassic period in Jiulongshan Formation in Inner Mongolia, China.

Here's represent a rare example of an insect mimicking a gymnosperm 165 million years ago, before an explosive radiation of flowering plants. (See you in 2014.) *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | LIVESCIENCE | ASU | TJANDRA DEWI | MAHARDIKA SATRIA HADI | KORAN TEMPO 4250]

Note: This blog can be accessed via your smart phone

Kindly Bookmark and Share it: