King Richard III's grave Confirmed

Illustration picture of King Richard III. 
(Picture from:  http://teknologi.news.viva.co.id/)

Human skeleton that buried under the concrete floor of the parking lot in Leicester, England, was owned by a king. His life ended tragically, full of stab wounds, humiliated, and tortured to death.

This human skeleton buried in the ground that are 68 centimeters thick layer of concrete beneath a clod. In addition to the toe bone and shin portion is missing, the whole order was complete. His spine curved to the right, indicating an abnormality. "This guy is bent over," said human bioarcheology expert from the University of Leicester, Jo Appleby, in a press conference on Monday, February 4, 2013.

The remains of what may be King Richard III, showing a curved spine and signs of battle trauma. (Picture from: http://www.livescience.com/)

Discovery of the skeleton occurred in August 2012 (jump to related article). Researchers have long been eyeing a piece of land under the parking lot as the location of an archaeological excavation. They believe in that location was the final resting place of a king of England from the Middle Ages. King Richard III died in the Bosworth Field battle in 1485. He was only 32 years or two years after assuming the throne, while breathing his last. His death marks the end of the Middle Ages in England. Records show Richard III suffered from scoliosis during adolescence tread. This disease claimed the power structures of the spine. So he turned into a young man who walked with hunched body.

How King Richard III's grave was discovered. (Picture from: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/)

Suitability archaeological findings and historical facts is not making experts jump to conclusions. When the last trowel exposed ground cover, then they switched into the lab. Examination of bone and genetic analysis was performed, radiocarbon technique used to calculate the age of death. As a result, the owner of the bones is thought to have died around 1485-1550, consistent with the time of the death of Richard III.

Researchers then contacted the furniture maker, Michael Ibsen. In the body of the Canadian-born, flowing Richard III blood. Ibsen ancestors was Anne of York, sister of the king. DNA samples of Ibsen body  were then compared with bone fragments of the parking lot. Turi King, geneticists check out the two DNA strands are separated 500 years. As a result, the two DNA sequences showed a match. "This means that the bone is related to the family of Richard III," he said. Richard Buckley, who became head of this archaeological research, said they gathered evidence showing human skeleton was King Richard III. "Beyond reasonable doubt, this is the body of the king," he said.

Canadian-born furniture-maker Michael Ibsen, a direct descendant of the eldest sister of Richard III, in his workshop in London. His DNA was used to determine that the skeleton was indeed the monarch's. (Picture from: http://www.news.com.au/)

After finding evidence, investigators re-opened the history books. This time, they explore how the historical Bosworth Field battle was killed Richard III. The Bosworth Field battle was the battle between the Lancaster faction led by Henry Tudor and York faction led by Richard III. This battle was won by Henry Tudor group by the end, while Richard III was killed and his body was taken 24 kilometers to the east to the city of Leicester. Lifeless body was exhibited to the public as proof of his death, and was buried in the Franciscan Monastery which was later turned into the parking lot.

When found, the skeleton of Richard III lying in the narrow hole. Hunched and skinny body was slumped with his head bent and arms crossed over the right thigh. The king was buried in a hand-bound condition. Inspection focuses on the skull. Scanning with X-rays showed two wounds in the back of the skull. The first wound was a hole larger than duck eggs are dropped on the right side, just above the nape. Wound width was estimated as coming from a long-stemmed ax blow. The king's small brain damaged by the axe attack.

The major wounds are to the base of the skull, either side of the spine, and would have been caused by heavy bladed weapons. (Picture from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/)

The second wound on the left side, near the confluence of the spine to the skull. Researchers estimate is derived from a puncture wound a sword, pierce the skull and into the brain as deep as several centimeters. "This stab wounds makes faint and died instantly," said Appleby.

Ten non-fatal injuries are in other body parts. Used contact with sharp objects found on the right chin. Again and again, the sword had drifted into the face of Richard III. Ribs and pelvis are also traces of wounds. According to him, these injuries arise from actions to embarrass the king during his death. "All of this fits with the story of injury that accompanies the death of King Richard III," he said.

From the traces in the king skeleton, researchers reconstructed the tragic death of the leader of this kingdom. Researchers estimate slashed king ax after being dropped from the horse. Once the sword-blooded murder of man is as high as 172 centimeters. Other injuries come from the soldiers weapons. The bodies destruction of the king's right buttock stabbing up through the pelvis shows the king dies without wearing a harness. Body of frozen and chilled humpback was stripped.

War-winning army then took the body back to the City of Leicester. After becoming a public spectacle, his body was buried in the monastery dug up again 500 years later. The followers of Richard III, which had never found the king body then build his death commemorative plaque in the Cathedral of Leicester. *** [EKA | FROM VARIOUS SOURCES | LIVESCIENCE | DAILYMAIL | ANTON WILLIAM | KORAN TEMPO 4136]

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