Why Do We Live in a World of Three Dimensions

Three Japanese research institutions to use supercomputers to simulate the origin of the universe. They managed to answer the question why human beings live in a world of three dimensions: length, width, and height.

Indeed, in the big bang theory of cosmology, the universe began from an invisible speck that suddenly expanded. Formation theory is supported by observational evidence, such as residual radiation in the wavelength of the micro and the ratio of hydrogen and helium that fit.

Unfortunately, general relativity theory of Albert Einstein's fib about the condition are unable to explain the universe on a small point. This limitation is overcome through super-string theory. In theory, the fundamental particles making up matter in the universe is assumed as a vibrating string.

Superstring theory suggests that the four fundamental interactions among elementary particles – electromagnetic force, weak interaction, strong interaction, and gravity – are represented as various oscillation modes of very tiny strings. Because gravity is one of the fundamental forces, superstring theory includes an explanation of general relativity. The problem is, superstring theory predicts that there are 10 dimensions – 9 spatial and one temporal. How does this work with our 3 dimensional universe? Some of the vibration pattern can explain the particle responsible for gravity. That way, the birth of the universe can be explained through super-string. However, this theory predicts there is a nine-dimensional space, more than three dimensions are commonly known.

Superstring theory has remained little more than a theory for years. Investigations have been restricted to discussing models and scenarios since performing the actual calculations have been incredibly difficult. As such, superstring theory’s validity and usefulness have remained unclear.

A group of 3 researchers, Jun Nishimura, associate professor at High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Asato Tsuchiya, associate professor at Shizuoka University and Sang-Woo Kim, project researcher at Osaka University has succeeded in simulating the birth of the universe, using a supercomputer for calculations based on superstring theory. This showed that the universe had 9 spatial dimensions at the beginning, but only 3 of these underwent expansion at some point in time. Computers Hitachi SR16000 in this study is capable of processing data speeds up to 90.3 teraFLOPS.

What were the results? In the beginning the universe had a nine-dimensional space. But, on the next stage, only three-dimensional universe expands and forms.

"These results demonstrate that the three-dimensional universe we live in is growing out of the nine dimensions," said the researchers "from KEK, Jun Nishimura, in a press release on the official web site yesterday.

According to Nishimura, the simulation was able to explain how the universe formed three-dimensional, while strengthening the presence of super-string theory. *** [KEK | ANTON WILLIAM | KORAN TEMPO 3740]

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