Physics lesson teaches that the object will expand when heated. But this principle does not apply to materials named scandium trifluoride (ScF3).
The unique properties of materials in powder form was revealed in 2010. Scandium trifluoride, which has a simple crystal structure, even when given the heat shrink.
Chen Li, an engineer from California Institute of Technology, investigates how shrinkage can occur. Using equipment owned by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, he crashed the neutron with a sample of this powder. By knowing the direction of turn and speed of neutrons after colliding with the material, this material can be known temperament.
The experimental results give a clear picture. Fluorine atoms of lighter scandium atom flanked by a spring-like bond. When the temperature is raised, all the atoms sway.
Unique effect occurs when a fluorine atom is only moving in one direction perpendicular to the bond spring. Consequently, each time moving fluorine atom, two atoms would be interested skandlum approaching. Overall, the crystal scandium trifluoride seen shrinking.
More striking, the energy can be stored during the vibrating atoms reach four times or so-called oscillation quartik. This is different from most of the material, which is generally only store twice the energy or the so-called quadratic oscillations.
"The nature of this pure quartik oscillation has never been found previously in crystals," says professor of materials science and applied physics at the California Institute of Technology, Brent Fultz, who participated in this study.
This unique energy storage provides new hope for the development of new materials. One is at the detail component materials. Shape changes due to temperature on a small scale can interfere with the driving gear wheel form and damage the clock performance. Materials scandium trifluoride can be inserted to compensate for the expansion clock component objects in general. *** [PHYSORG | ANTON WILLIAM | KORAN TEMPO 3703]
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| Heat causes the atoms in ScF3 to vibrate, as captured in this snapshot from a simulation. Fluorine atoms are in green while scandium atoms are in yellow. (Picture from: http://www.sciencedaily.com/) |
The unique properties of materials in powder form was revealed in 2010. Scandium trifluoride, which has a simple crystal structure, even when given the heat shrink.
Chen Li, an engineer from California Institute of Technology, investigates how shrinkage can occur. Using equipment owned by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, he crashed the neutron with a sample of this powder. By knowing the direction of turn and speed of neutrons after colliding with the material, this material can be known temperament.
The experimental results give a clear picture. Fluorine atoms of lighter scandium atom flanked by a spring-like bond. When the temperature is raised, all the atoms sway.
Unique effect occurs when a fluorine atom is only moving in one direction perpendicular to the bond spring. Consequently, each time moving fluorine atom, two atoms would be interested skandlum approaching. Overall, the crystal scandium trifluoride seen shrinking.
More striking, the energy can be stored during the vibrating atoms reach four times or so-called oscillation quartik. This is different from most of the material, which is generally only store twice the energy or the so-called quadratic oscillations.
"The nature of this pure quartik oscillation has never been found previously in crystals," says professor of materials science and applied physics at the California Institute of Technology, Brent Fultz, who participated in this study.
This unique energy storage provides new hope for the development of new materials. One is at the detail component materials. Shape changes due to temperature on a small scale can interfere with the driving gear wheel form and damage the clock performance. Materials scandium trifluoride can be inserted to compensate for the expansion clock component objects in general. *** [PHYSORG | ANTON WILLIAM | KORAN TEMPO 3703]
