Anniversary of Carolus Linnaeus, Father of Taxonomy.
With the help of new technology, researchers can find a variety of odd things that were previously unattainable. A number of new species were also found thanks to the advancement of science. Last week, the International Institute for Species Exploration at Arizona State University and a committee of taxonomists announced the list of top 10 new species in 2011.
Fish-shaped pancake bats, leeches with massive teeth that lives in human nasal passages, and iron-eating bacteria selected in the list of 10 most unique discovery so far this year. Species are selected in the top 10 species that originate from various parts of the world, including Brazil, Gulf of Mexico, Mascarene Islands in the Indian Ocean, Madagascar, North Atlantic Ocean, Oregon, Peru, Philippines, South Africa, and West Africa. Announcement of the top 10 new species were made to commemorate the anniversary of Carolus Linnaeus, the first scientist to create a modern system of naming and classification of plants and animals.
Each year, the International Institute for Species Exploration at Arizona State University announces that list every year to arouse the attention of the world's biodiversity.
Nominee of 10 species were obtained from the proposal that goes to the Internet are the university's website and inputs from international experts committee. "We can only really hope to create a sustainable biodiversity if we study the first species that exist," said Quentin Wheeler, an entomologist at the International Institute for Species Exploration.
Institution estimated that the entire species found since 1758 only represents about 20 percent of all plants and animals that inhabit the earth. "Estimates that makes sense is there are still 10 million species have been described, named, and classified before the diversity and complexity of the biosphere can be fully understood," he said.
1. Bioluminescent fungi (Mycena luxaeterna)
Mushrooms that glow in the dark is from Sao Paulo, Brazil. The fungus was found attached to twigs in the Atlantic forest. This tiny mushroom is only less than 8 millimeters in diameter, with caps smaller than 2 centimeters. Gel-coated stem is kind of shiny, bright light emitting yellow-green. Lecturer San Francisco State University biologist, Dennis Desjardin, and his team, who found the mushroom, was named the new species Mycena luxaetema (eternal light), which taken of a movement in the work of composers Mozart's Requiem. Desjardin, who has found more than 200 new species of fungi, said there are about 1.5 million species of fungi on earth, but only 71 of them belonging to bioluminescent
2. Darwin's Bark Spiders (Caerostris darwini)
Spider spinning round of Madagascar was named as Charles Darwin-Caerostris darwini, Cobwebs of this species are often found stretched over the rivers and lakes. A spider web can be stretched round 82 times across the river with 30 insects trapped in it. However the length of nets is not the only characteristic of this species, silk thread is issued spider two-fold stronger than other spider silk. Even the thread is reportedly 10 times stronger than Kevlar of the same size.
3. Bacteria (Halomonas titanicae)
These iron oxide-eating bacteria found in the form of stalactites of rust ship RMS Titanic and named Halomonas titanicae by a team of scientists from Dalhousie University in Canada and the University of Seville in Spain. Titanic hit an iceberg great on its maiden voyage in 1912, and sank in the Atlantic Ocean. Studies show that the bacteria attach to the surface of the steel, causing corrosion that forms a mound-like buttons. Researchers believe that these bacteria can be utilized in the destruction of the ship and an old oil rig that sank in the ocean floor.
4. Monitor lizard (Varanus bitatawa)
Monltor frugivorous monitor lizards are found in forests in the Northern Sierra Madre of Luzon Island, Philippines. Nearly 2-meter long monitor lizards are the longest species in the top 10 new species this year. With a weight of only 10 kilograms, this species is a bright golden yellow patterned on its skin. His body was thick, scaly, black with flecks of yellow and the tail has a characteristic greenish black and green segments. These lizards spend most of his time in the trees and the most important species in conservation in the Philippines.
5. Pollinating Crickets (Glomeremus orchidophilus)
Glomeremus crickets orchidophilus is chosen because this insect is the only animal pollinators Angraecum cadetii, rare orchids and endangered species in Reunion in the Mascarene Islands in the Indian Ocean. This species entered subfamily crickets make sounds rough and not pleasant to hear.
6. Duiker (Philantomba Walteri)
New or duiker antelope from West Africa was first discovered in wild animal meat market. The discovery of new species is surprising, because it comes from an animal group that has long studied. "Exploitation of wildlife meat is a serious warning for the mammal species that have not been described," said Marc Colyn from the University of Rennes, France.
The species is named for Walter duiker Philantomba walteri or services to honor Walter N. Verheyen, African mammal researchers.
7. Leeches (Tyrannobdella rex)
Along the 2-inch leech has a single jaw and teeth are unusually large, so he named Tyrannobdella rex, which means "king leech cruel." A native of Peru, this leech was found attached to the mucous membrane of the human nasal tract. There are 600-700 species of leeches that have been described, but estimated there are 10 thousand more worldwide.
8. Mushrooms under water (Psathyrella aquatica)
The researchers found the fungus berinsang in northwestern United States, immersed in the water flows clear and cold in the Rogue River in Oregon. The uniqueness of this fungal species is able to bear fruit in water for 11 weeks of observation.
9. Jumping Cockroaches (Saltoblatella montistabularis)
These roaches are found in the Silvermine Nature Reserve, Table Mountain National Park in South Africa. This new species has a peculiar morphology with legs modified for jumping. The word "Saltoblattella" comes from the Latin, which when translated means "small roach jump". Leap of this insect can be aligned with the grasshopper. Before this species was found, cockroaches jumper known only from the late Jurassic period. In addition to modification of his legs, these cockroaches have a hemispherical-shaped eyes, rather than kidney-shaped, protruding from the side of his head. Antenna has a structure that helps to balance self-
10. Louisiana pancake batfish (Halieutichthys intermedius)
This strange-looking fish living in waters around the area affected by oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico. Species that live on the sea floor seems to jump with thick fins that resemble the hand when moving awkwardly in the water, resembling a bat that is running.
"If we can still find new species of fish in the Gulf of Mexico, imagine how much diversity, especially microdiversity, which we do not know," said John Sparks, ichthyologi curator at the American Museum of Natural History, who discovered the fish. (See you in 2012.)*** [TJANDRA DEWI | LIVESCIENCE | SPESIES.ASU.EDU | KORAN TEMPO 3547]
Note: This blog can be accessed via your smart phone.Fish-shaped pancake bats, leeches with massive teeth that lives in human nasal passages, and iron-eating bacteria selected in the list of 10 most unique discovery so far this year. Species are selected in the top 10 species that originate from various parts of the world, including Brazil, Gulf of Mexico, Mascarene Islands in the Indian Ocean, Madagascar, North Atlantic Ocean, Oregon, Peru, Philippines, South Africa, and West Africa. Announcement of the top 10 new species were made to commemorate the anniversary of Carolus Linnaeus, the first scientist to create a modern system of naming and classification of plants and animals.
Each year, the International Institute for Species Exploration at Arizona State University announces that list every year to arouse the attention of the world's biodiversity.
Nominee of 10 species were obtained from the proposal that goes to the Internet are the university's website and inputs from international experts committee. "We can only really hope to create a sustainable biodiversity if we study the first species that exist," said Quentin Wheeler, an entomologist at the International Institute for Species Exploration.
Institution estimated that the entire species found since 1758 only represents about 20 percent of all plants and animals that inhabit the earth. "Estimates that makes sense is there are still 10 million species have been described, named, and classified before the diversity and complexity of the biosphere can be fully understood," he said.
1. Bioluminescent fungi (Mycena luxaeterna)
Mushrooms that glow in the dark is from Sao Paulo, Brazil. The fungus was found attached to twigs in the Atlantic forest. This tiny mushroom is only less than 8 millimeters in diameter, with caps smaller than 2 centimeters. Gel-coated stem is kind of shiny, bright light emitting yellow-green. Lecturer San Francisco State University biologist, Dennis Desjardin, and his team, who found the mushroom, was named the new species Mycena luxaetema (eternal light), which taken of a movement in the work of composers Mozart's Requiem. Desjardin, who has found more than 200 new species of fungi, said there are about 1.5 million species of fungi on earth, but only 71 of them belonging to bioluminescent2. Darwin's Bark Spiders (Caerostris darwini)
Spider spinning round of Madagascar was named as Charles Darwin-Caerostris darwini, Cobwebs of this species are often found stretched over the rivers and lakes. A spider web can be stretched round 82 times across the river with 30 insects trapped in it. However the length of nets is not the only characteristic of this species, silk thread is issued spider two-fold stronger than other spider silk. Even the thread is reportedly 10 times stronger than Kevlar of the same size.3. Bacteria (Halomonas titanicae)
These iron oxide-eating bacteria found in the form of stalactites of rust ship RMS Titanic and named Halomonas titanicae by a team of scientists from Dalhousie University in Canada and the University of Seville in Spain. Titanic hit an iceberg great on its maiden voyage in 1912, and sank in the Atlantic Ocean. Studies show that the bacteria attach to the surface of the steel, causing corrosion that forms a mound-like buttons. Researchers believe that these bacteria can be utilized in the destruction of the ship and an old oil rig that sank in the ocean floor.
4. Monitor lizard (Varanus bitatawa)
Monltor frugivorous monitor lizards are found in forests in the Northern Sierra Madre of Luzon Island, Philippines. Nearly 2-meter long monitor lizards are the longest species in the top 10 new species this year. With a weight of only 10 kilograms, this species is a bright golden yellow patterned on its skin. His body was thick, scaly, black with flecks of yellow and the tail has a characteristic greenish black and green segments. These lizards spend most of his time in the trees and the most important species in conservation in the Philippines.
5. Pollinating Crickets (Glomeremus orchidophilus)
Glomeremus crickets orchidophilus is chosen because this insect is the only animal pollinators Angraecum cadetii, rare orchids and endangered species in Reunion in the Mascarene Islands in the Indian Ocean. This species entered subfamily crickets make sounds rough and not pleasant to hear.
6. Duiker (Philantomba Walteri)
New or duiker antelope from West Africa was first discovered in wild animal meat market. The discovery of new species is surprising, because it comes from an animal group that has long studied. "Exploitation of wildlife meat is a serious warning for the mammal species that have not been described," said Marc Colyn from the University of Rennes, France.
The species is named for Walter duiker Philantomba walteri or services to honor Walter N. Verheyen, African mammal researchers.
7. Leeches (Tyrannobdella rex)
Along the 2-inch leech has a single jaw and teeth are unusually large, so he named Tyrannobdella rex, which means "king leech cruel." A native of Peru, this leech was found attached to the mucous membrane of the human nasal tract. There are 600-700 species of leeches that have been described, but estimated there are 10 thousand more worldwide.
8. Mushrooms under water (Psathyrella aquatica)
The researchers found the fungus berinsang in northwestern United States, immersed in the water flows clear and cold in the Rogue River in Oregon. The uniqueness of this fungal species is able to bear fruit in water for 11 weeks of observation.9. Jumping Cockroaches (Saltoblatella montistabularis)
These roaches are found in the Silvermine Nature Reserve, Table Mountain National Park in South Africa. This new species has a peculiar morphology with legs modified for jumping. The word "Saltoblattella" comes from the Latin, which when translated means "small roach jump". Leap of this insect can be aligned with the grasshopper. Before this species was found, cockroaches jumper known only from the late Jurassic period. In addition to modification of his legs, these cockroaches have a hemispherical-shaped eyes, rather than kidney-shaped, protruding from the side of his head. Antenna has a structure that helps to balance self-
10. Louisiana pancake batfish (Halieutichthys intermedius)
This strange-looking fish living in waters around the area affected by oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico. Species that live on the sea floor seems to jump with thick fins that resemble the hand when moving awkwardly in the water, resembling a bat that is running.
"If we can still find new species of fish in the Gulf of Mexico, imagine how much diversity, especially microdiversity, which we do not know," said John Sparks, ichthyologi curator at the American Museum of Natural History, who discovered the fish. (See you in 2012.)*** [TJANDRA DEWI | LIVESCIENCE | SPESIES.ASU.EDU | KORAN TEMPO 3547]
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